(1) Closed Ground Loop
  A "Closed Ground Loop" ground source heat pump system incorporates eat pumps tied in parallel to a building "loop," or circulating water system.  The same water is circulated through a geothermal ground loop and later re-circulated through the heat pumps.  As the heat pumps engage in forced air heating, they remove heat from the building loop water; conversely in cooling mode they add heat to the building loop water.  The ground loop is totally responsible for absorbing or rejecting the building loop's excess heat energy helping it maintain a relatively constant water supply temperature to the heat pumps.  In this application, supply water temperature may vary much more than in applications (2) and (3).

  The Baldus Real Estate Building is located just outside of Pittsburgh, PA.  Built in late 2004, the building is a prime example of a "Closed Ground Loop" application.  This building has an elaborate ground loop to handle all of the heat absorbsion or rejection from the individual heat pumps.  This application also included individual zone climate control - each office has its own dedicated heat pump and thermostat to ensure each employee has the perfect comfort level in his or her work area.

Baldus Real Estate Building	Cooperative Advertisement
	Vertical Ground Loop Headers
Vertical Wells Being Drilled	3 ton Horizontal Heat Pump & Piping